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We are empowering individuals, businesses, and communities to drive the transformation towards a Green Economy. We are dedicated to advancing sustainable development through education, innovation, and collaboration, equipping stakeholders with the knowledge and tools to build resilient, eco-conscious, and ethically responsible systems. Through our focus on Sustainable Investments, ESG Financing, Climate Resilience, Effective Resource Utilisation, and Green Technology, we strive to combat climate change, reduce carbon emissions, and promote practices that safeguard both people and the planet. We are uniting global networks in the groups i.e. MAFHH An Institution, Management Intelligence, Business Accounting & Finance Resources, Professional Cyber Security Resources, PM ACCA, Climate-Resilience, Organic Life, Power of Words, Our Children, and Ya Aba Abdillah Alhai Salam. We cultivate an inclusive learning network that inspires meaningful action. Our commitment is to raise awareness, prevent greenwashing, and foster a culture of responsible innovation, recycling, and energy efficiency. Together, we aim to reshape the global economy’s trajectory towards a sustainable future.

Tuesday, July 29, 2025

How to Supercharge Your Advertising: Integrating Google Ads with Google Analytics

In today’s competitive digital landscape, making data-driven decisions is key to successful marketing. One of the most powerful ways to optimise your advertising efforts is by integrating Google Ads with Google Analytics. Together, these platforms provide invaluable insights into your website traffic and user behaviour, enabling you to build more effective and targeted advertising campaigns.

Whether you're a seasoned marketer or just starting out, this integration can improve campaign performance, boost conversions, and reduce wasted ad spend. Plus, new Google Ads users can often benefit from promotional offers—like $400 in ad credits—to kickstart their campaigns.

Step-by-Step Guide to Google Ads & Google Analytics Integration

1. Link Google Ads and Google Analytics

Start by connecting your Google Ads and Google Analytics accounts. This linkage allows for seamless data sharing between the platforms and unlocks features such as:

Conversion tracking
Enhanced remarketing capabilities
Cross-platform campaign insights

By linking the two, you can track how your Google Ads are driving traffic, engagement, and conversions on your website.

2. Analyse User Behaviour with Google Analytics

Once your accounts are linked, dive into Google Analytics to understand how users interact with your site. This includes:

Pages visited
Time spent on site
Bounce rates
Geographic and demographic data
Traffic sources and referral channels

These insights help you identify your best-performing content, most valuable audience segments, and high-converting user journeys. All of this data is critical for refining your ad strategies.

3. Refine Google Ads Campaigns Using Analytics Data

With a clearer picture of user behaviour, you can now optimise your Google Ads campaigns more effectively. Here’s how:

Improve Keyword Targeting: Focus on keywords that drive quality traffic and conversions.
Enhance Ad Copy: Craft compelling messages based on what resonates with your users.
Optimise Landing Pages: Direct traffic to pages that are proven to convert.
Create Audience Segments: Build custom audiences based on demographics, interests, and behaviours for more precise targeting.
Utilise Smart Bidding & AI Tools: Use Google’s machine learning to automate bid strategies and maximise ROI.

4. Leverage Promotional Offers for Google Ads

If you’re new to Google Ads, you may be eligible for promotional credits—often up to $400. These credits help reduce your initial advertising costs and allow you to:

Experiment with different campaigns
Test multiple ad groups and keywords
Measure results before committing a larger budget

Note: To receive the credit, you typically need to spend a set amount (e.g., $400) within the first 60 days of account activation. Always check the current terms on the Google Ads Promotions page.

NB

Benefits of Integration

✅ Improved Ad Targeting
✅ Deeper Audience Insights
✅ Better Budget Allocation
✅ Higher Conversion Rates
✅ Cost Savings through Ad Credits

By combining Google Analytics’ powerful data with the targeting capabilities of Google Ads, you gain a strategic advantage in your advertising campaigns. You can allocate your budget more effectively, tailor your messages to the right audiences, and continuously improve performance through real-time feedback.

Smart Data & Well-Informed Campaign

Integrating Google Ads with Google Analytics isn’t just a technical setup—it’s a strategic move that empowers you to run smarter, data-informed campaigns. Whether you're looking to drive more leads, boost online sales, or increase brand awareness, this integration can help you achieve your goals more efficiently.

So, if you haven't already linked your accounts, now is the time. Take advantage of Google’s tools—and don’t forget to claim your ad credits if you’re just starting out!

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Saturday, July 26, 2025

Understanding the Role of AI in Asana

Navigation vs. Intelligent Features

Asana is a widely used work management platform designed to help teams organise, track, and manage their work efficiently. While Asana incorporates Artificial Intelligence (AI) features to enhance its functionality and improve the user experience, it is essential to distinguish between AI-powered enhancements and the platform’s core navigation system.

This article examines how Asana operates, the distinction between traditional navigation and AI features, and how AI is integrated to enhance productivity.

Core Navigation in Asana: A Non-AI Domain

The primary way users interact with Asana is through its intuitive user interface, which is structured to facilitate easy access to tasks, projects, teams, and communication tools. This navigation system is not driven by AI but rather by user experience (UX) design and organisational logic.

Elaboration on Asana’s Navigation System

Asana allows users to:

Create and manage projects, tasks, and subtasks
Assign tasks to team members
Set due dates
Track progress through various views (list, board, timeline, calendar)

The core navigation of Asana includes:

Sidebar: Quick access to the homepage, My Tasks, Inbox, teams, and projects
Top Bar: Search function, Quick Add button, and account settings
Header: View options and actions relevant to the current project
Main Pane: Displays selected project contents or task lists
Task Details Pane: Offers detailed information about specific tasks

This user-centric navigation is fundamental to how Asana operates. It is structured to allow manual, logical movement through different areas of the platform without relying on AI algorithms.

Asana’s AI Features: Enhancing, Not Replacing, Navigation

While navigation itself is not AI-based, Asana integrates several AI-powered tools to support decision-making, automate repetitive actions, and streamline content generation. These features complement the platform’s core functions by improving efficiency and user experience.

Key AI Features in Asana

Smart Status
- Provides quick, AI-generated updates on the progress of projects and tasks, helping users stay informed without manually writing updates.
Smart Chat
- An AI assistant that answers questions related to project management, offering guidance or summarising relevant project data.
Smart Fields
- Automatically fills in relevant task fields based on context and usage patterns, saving time and reducing manual data entry.
Smart Summaries
- Generates concise summaries of tasks, projects, and meetings, making it easier to digest important information quickly.
Smart Editor
- Offers AI-powered suggestions for improving or completing task descriptions and other written content within the platform.
Smart Rule Creator
- Assists users in building automation rules to streamline workflows by identifying repetitive actions and suggesting rule-based solutions.

These AI features are designed to augment the user experience rather than replace manual navigation. They act as productivity boosters by offering recommendations, automating routine processes, and reducing cognitive load.

The Relationship Between Navigation and AI in Asana

It's crucial to understand that while Asana uses AI to optimise how users interact with their work, the platform’s core navigation remains fundamentally manual and structured. AI does not alter the user interface or the basic way users move through the system. Instead, it sits alongside the interface, offering intelligent support.

For example:

You still need to go to a project page manually, but once there, AI might offer a status update or auto-fill certain task information.
You navigate to a task manually, but AI might summarise the comments or suggest edits in the task description.

Task Automation

In summary, Asana is primarily a user-interface-driven work management platform, with navigation structured around intuitive design principles rather than artificial intelligence. However, the integration of AI-powered features significantly enhances the platform’s utility by automating tasks, summarising content, and improving collaboration.

While these AI tools provide a smarter, more efficient experience, they do not replace the core navigation mechanisms. Understanding this distinction allows users to fully leverage Asana’s strengths — blending structured project management with intelligent assistance for maximum productivity.

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Friday, July 25, 2025

SECP and IFC Launch ESG Pakistan Project to Transform the Nation’s Financial Landscape.

National Financial Landscape

In a major stride toward sustainable economic development, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) has successfully launched the ESG Pakistan Project, a pioneering initiative in collaboration with the International Finance Corporation (IFC). This landmark partnership aims to align Pakistan’s financial markets with globally recognised Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards, setting a new benchmark for responsible investing and long-term economic resilience.

A Historic Milestone for Sustainable Finance

The launch event brought together an influential mix of private sector leaders, capital market institutions, professional bodies, and multilateral development partners, all unified by a shared vision: to embed sustainability into the core fabric of Pakistan’s business and financial sectors.

Addressing the gathering, SECP officials and IFC representatives highlighted the transformative potential of the initiative. “Today’s collaboration lays the foundation for responsible investing and sustainable economic development in Pakistan,” a spokesperson stated, underscoring the significance of the joint effort.

Key Takeaways from the Launch

🔹 Alignment with Global ESG Standards:
The ESG Pakistan Project is a major step toward integrating Pakistan’s financial ecosystem with international ESG benchmarks. It promotes regulatory reforms, transparency, and accountability to encourage investors to adopt sustainable business models.

🔹 Sustainability Beyond Compliance:
A recurring theme throughout the event was the need to move beyond regulatory box-checking. Participants agreed that ESG should not be viewed merely as a compliance issue, but as a strategic imperative that drives innovation, competitiveness, and long-term value creation.

🔹 Inclusive and Climate-Resilient Growth:
The roadmap laid out by the project prioritizes inclusivity and climate resilience. By encouraging companies to report on ESG metrics and risks, the initiative aims to build investor confidence, reduce exposure to environmental and social disruptions, and promote equitable growth.

The Path Forward

The ESG Pakistan Project is not a one-time initiative but the beginning of a structured transformation. It includes capacity-building programs, ESG reporting frameworks, policy enhancements, and stakeholder engagement to mainstream sustainability across all sectors of the economy.

The SECP and IFC also plan to roll out technical assistance and toolkits tailored for capital market participants, regulators, and businesses, ensuring that ESG principles are integrated effectively and consistently.

With this forward-looking collaboration, Pakistan takes a bold step toward sustainable finance, empowering investors, companies, and policymakers to prioritise long-term impact over short-term gains. As ESG becomes a global priority, Pakistan’s proactive approach is set to enhance its attractiveness as an investment destination while safeguarding environmental and social well-being for future generations.

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Wednesday, July 23, 2025

The Bravery of a 2-Year-Old and the True Meaning of Leadership.

When Instinct Becomes Heroism

No fanfare.

No spotlight.

Just a quiet act of courage in a dimly lit room.

A toddler wakes to find her father unresponsive. There’s no adult nearby, no instructions, no time to waste. Yet, in that moment, she displays immense courage and maturity that defy her age.

She notices a familiar object—his glucose tablets.
She fumbles to open them, hands still unsure, but heart determined.
She climbs up to him, tries to help, tiny hands working with purpose.
And in doing so, she saves his life.

🧠 What This Quiet Moment Teaches Us About Leadership:

This wasn’t a planned event. There was no structured training, no manual to consult, and no audience to applaud. Yet, in that moment, real leadership revealed itself in its purest, most instinctive form.

1) 💥 Leadership Isn’t Learned. It’s Lived.

This wasn’t a business seminar. It wasn’t a keynote speech on decision-making. It was raw, human instinct taking charge. Leadership, at its core, is the willingness to step up when the situation demands it—even if you’re just two years old. This act wasn’t practised. It was lived.

2) 🔍 Awareness Precedes Action.

The greatest leaders don’t act blindly—they notice what others often miss. That toddler didn’t just act randomly. She noticed the glucose tablets because she had paid attention before. She knew they were important. Love, familiarity, and emotional presence sharpen attention. This kind of awareness is what separates passive observers from proactive leaders.

3) 🔥 Urgency Exposes Character.

In safe, predictable environments, potential often lies dormant. But when urgency strikes, true character surfaces. In emergencies, instincts take over. What’s inside us—our courage, resolve, and presence of mind—comes rushing out. This child didn’t shrink from pressure. She rose in it.

4) 🛠 Tools + Trust = Readiness.

She knew where the glucose tablets were. That’s not chance—it’s design. Whether intentional or not, someone had equipped her with the tools and, perhaps unconsciously, the trust to act. In leadership—at home, at work, or in society—people thrive when they are given both resources and responsibility.

Leadership Is Not What You Think

Forget titles.
Forget corner offices.
Forget lengthy resumes.

Leadership is:

A child stands tall when the moment calls.
A team member speaking up when no one else will.
A human choosing action over excuses.

Sometimes leadership takes the form of strategic vision, planning, and delegation. Other times, it's a toddler climbing into bed with purpose in her eyes and courage in her heart.

👉 Leadership Has No Age, No Rank, No Limitation

This story reminds us that leadership is not exclusive to adults or professionals. It is a state of heart, a readiness of mind, and a willingness to respond when needed.

It’s about seeing, acting, and caring deeply and instinctively. And sometimes, it’s the smallest among us who leave the biggest impact.

So next time you think leadership requires a suit, a title, or a stage—remember the bravery of a 2-year-old in a dark room, choosing courage over fear, and action over hesitation.

Because leadership, at its truest, is simply love in motion.

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Tuesday, July 22, 2025

All DNA and RNA Bases Found in Meteorites, Strengthening the Theory of Life’s Cosmic Origins.

A Major Clue in the Mystery of Life’s Origins

In a remarkable scientific breakthrough, researchers have discovered all five nucleobases—the molecular building blocks of DNA and RNA—in meteorites, offering compelling evidence that the essential components of life may have come from outer space. The study, published in Nature Communications, supports the long-standing theory that space rocks could have delivered the raw materials for life to early Earth.

Discovery Overview

For the first time, scientists successfully identified adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil—the five nucleobases that form the genetic code in DNA and RNA—within meteorite fragments. While adenine, guanine, and uracil had been detected in earlier studies, cytosine and thymine had remained elusive due to their fragile and easily degradable nature.

Advanced Methodology

The breakthrough was made possible by a new, highly sensitive cold-water extraction technique developed by the research team from Japan and the United States. This technique preserved delicate molecules that traditional methods often destroyed, allowing the complete set of nucleobases to be identified for the first time in meteorites.

Meteorite Sources

The analysis was conducted on fragments from four carbon-rich meteorites that fell in Australia, Kentucky, and British Columbia. The diversity of sample locations helps reduce the possibility of regional contamination and strengthens the case for an extraterrestrial origin.

Supporting Evidence

In addition to the nucleobases, the researchers found amino acids and nucleobase isomers—structurally similar molecules—not present in the local soil samples where the meteorites were found. This absence in surrounding Earth material provides strong evidence that these organic compounds were formed in space rather than as a result of Earth-based processes.

Implications for the Origins of Life

The discovery carries profound implications for the study of abiogenesis, the process by which life arose from non-living matter. If nucleobases and amino acids were delivered to Earth via meteorites, it suggests that life’s essential ingredients may be widespread in the universe and that early Earth may have been “seeded” with the raw materials needed for life to begin.

This finding also lends support to the panspermia hypothesis—the idea that life, or at least its building blocks, can be distributed across planets and solar systems via space debris.

Future Research Directions

The research team is now turning its attention to pristine extraterrestrial samples returned by recent space missions. In particular, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission, which returned samples from asteroid Bennu, and JAXA’s Hayabusa2 mission, which collected material from asteroid Ryugu, are expected to provide cleaner, uncontaminated insights into the chemical makeup of space rocks.

Further analysis of these samples could not only confirm the presence of nucleobases but also shed more light on how complex organic molecules formed in space and survived their journey to Earth.

Powerful piece to the puzzle of life’s origins

This groundbreaking discovery marks a significant step forward in understanding how life may have originated on Earth. By identifying all the nucleobases necessary for genetic material in meteorites, scientists have added a powerful piece to the puzzle of life’s origins—one that stretches far beyond our planet and deep into the cosmos.

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Monday, July 21, 2025

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s): A Beacon of Devotion and Legacy of Karbala.

Imam Zayn al-Abidin Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Sajjad Alhai Salam

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s), also known as Ali ibn al-Husayn al-Sajjad, was the fourth Imam in Shia Islam and a direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He is revered for his piety, scholarship, and unwavering commitment to preserving the spiritual and moral teachings of Islam, especially in the aftermath of the tragic events at Karbala. His life represents a bridge between the martyrdom of his father, Imam Husayn (a.s), and the intellectual and spiritual revival that followed.

Birth and Noble Lineage

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) was born in Medina in the year 37 AH (658–659 CE). He was the son of Imam Husayn ibn Ali (a.s), the grandson of Imam Ali (a.s) and Lady Fatima (s.a), the daughter of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). His mother, Lady Shahr Banu (s.a), was a noblewoman of Persian royal lineage, often referred to as the "Daughter of the Kings" and "Mother of the Imams." Due to this lineage, Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) was known as Ibn al-Khiyaratayn (Son of the Best Two).

Survivor of Karbala

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) was present during the Battle of Karbala in 61 AH (680 CE), a defining moment in Islamic history. At the time, he was gravely ill and physically unable to participate in the battle. His illness, however, served as divine protection, allowing him to survive the massacre that claimed the lives of his father, relatives, and companions.

After the battle, he was taken prisoner along with the surviving women and children of the Ahl al-Bayt. Despite the immense sorrow and physical suffering, he displayed extraordinary patience and spiritual strength. His powerful sermons, particularly in Kufa and Damascus, exposed the atrocities committed by Yazid’s forces and reignited the Islamic conscience.

Assumption of Imamate

Following the martyrdom of Imam Husayn (a.s), Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) became the spiritual leader and Imam of the Shia community. His imamate lasted for 34 years, a period marked by political oppression and turmoil under the Umayyad caliphate.

Due to intense surveillance and persecution, Imam al-Sajjad (a.s) adopted a strategy of spiritual resistance rather than direct political confrontation. His leadership focused on moral reform, education, and spiritual development of the Muslim ummah.

Titles and Virtues

Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn (a.s) is remembered by several honorific titles that reflect his virtues and attributes:

Zayn al-Abidin – "Ornament of the Worshippers"
Al-Sajjad – "The One Who Prostrates Frequently"
Sayyid al-Sajideen – "Master of Those Who Prostrate"
Ibn al-Khiyaratayn – "Son of the Best Two"

He was known for his constant prayer, humility, and compassion. It is reported that he would offer a thousand units of prayer daily and that the skin on his forehead bore the marks of prolonged prostration.

Legacy through Du'a: Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya

One of the most enduring contributions of Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) is his compilation of supplications and invocations known as the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya. Often referred to as the "Psalms of Islam," this collection is a treasure of spiritual insight, ethical guidance, and heartfelt prayers. This book is also called Zaboor e Aal e Muhammad (a.s).

Through these supplications, the Imam not only communicated with Allah most intimately and humbly but also taught the deeper dimensions of faith, gratitude, repentance, and justice. The Sahifa remains a fundamental text in Shia spirituality and a rich source of Islamic mysticism and ethics.

Advocate of Social Justice

Imam al-Sajjad (a.s.) also emphasised the importance of social responsibility, justice, and care for the marginalised. His Treatise on Rights (Risalat al-Huquq) is a profound document that outlines the rights of individuals, family members, neighbors, and even enemies, centuries ahead of modern human rights discourse.

He practiced what he preached. Despite living under oppression, he would secretly feed and support hundreds of families in Medina, many of whom only discovered their benefactor after his death.

Martyrdom of Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s)

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) was martyred on the 25th of Muharram in Medina, reportedly poisoned by the order of Umayyad Caliph al-Walid bin Abd al-Malik in 95 AH (712–713 CE) in Medina. He was buried in the famous Jannat al-Baqi cemetery, near other prominent figures of the Ahl al-Bayt.

Continuing Influence

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) remains a source of inspiration for Muslims worldwide. His life teaches the power of patience in adversity, spiritual devotion, and moral leadership. Despite living in an era of great political repression, he preserved and passed on the message of Islam through peaceful means, prayer, and scholarly guidance.

In the annals of Islamic history, he is remembered not only as a survivor but also as a reviver—a man who transformed tragedy into a platform for truth, reform, and divine connection.

A Shining Symbol of Resilience, Faith, & Compassion

Imam Zayn al-Abidin (a.s) stands as a shining symbol of resilience, faith, and compassion. His life, deeply intertwined with the suffering of Karbala, became a mission to heal the ummah's wounds and nurture its soul. Through his worship, wisdom, and writings, he ensured that the message of his grandfather, Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), and father, Imam Husayn (a.s), would live on eternally.

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Friday, July 18, 2025

Economic Consequences and Social Impact.

Sugar Export-Import Mismanagement

Governments often engage in trade policies involving the export and import of essential commodities to balance domestic supply, stabilise markets, or earn foreign exchange. However, when such policies are mismanaged or poorly timed—such as exporting sugar during periods of low domestic demand and then importing it when demand spikes—they can have far-reaching consequences. This pattern not only disrupts the economy but also impacts the daily lives of millions, particularly those in the middle and lower-income classes.

Economic Outcomes of Exporting First and Importing Later

A. Depletion of Domestic Stock: When the government exports sugar during periods of perceived surplus or lower demand, it reduces the buffer stock available within the country. This creates a vulnerability in case of unexpected demand surges or poor harvests. If domestic production fails to meet the needs, the country must resort to importing sugar at higher international prices.

B. Trade Deficit Pressure: Exporting sugar initially may bring in foreign exchange, but importing it later often costs significantly more, especially if global sugar prices rise. This can worsen the trade balance and put additional pressure on foreign reserves.

C. Price Instability in the Local Market: The mismatch between domestic supply and demand caused by such policies often leads to price fluctuations. When sugar is exported and then re-imported at higher prices, the cost is ultimately passed on to consumers, resulting in domestic prices rising.

Artificial Inflation and Price Manipulation

This export-import cycle can create conditions ripe for artificial price hikes, as follows:

A. Market Speculation: When traders anticipate shortages due to exports, they may start hoarding sugar, further reducing availability in the market. This hoarding drives prices up even before an actual shortage occurs.

B. Cartel Behavior: Powerful groups within the sugar industry may exploit the situation by controlling supply and creating an illusion of scarcity. This manipulation of supply artificially inflates prices, harming consumers while benefiting a select few.

C. Import Cost Transfer: When imported sugar is brought in at higher prices, retailers and wholesalers often increase prices beyond the actual import cost, maximizing profit margins and contributing to inflation.

Social Consequences

Impact on the Middle and Lower Classes:

A. Increased Household Expenditures: For the average middle-class family, sugar is a staple commodity. A sudden increase in its price directly affects monthly budgets. The poor, who already struggle to meet basic needs, are hit the hardest as even minor price hikes can lead to reduced food consumption or substitution with less nutritious alternatives.

B. Inflationary Ripple Effect: Sugar is a key ingredient in many processed foods and beverages. Its price increase leads to higher costs of bakery items, sweets, and even tea served at roadside stalls. This triggers a broader inflationary trend across the food sector.

C. Social Discontent and Erosion of Trust: When citizens perceive that government actions favor exporters or large industrialists at the cost of consumer welfare, public trust in institutions erodes. This may lead to protests, political unrest, or demands for policy reforms.

Long-Term Implications

A. Weakening of Domestic Production: Constant import reliance may demotivate local farmers and sugar millers, especially if imported sugar is cheaper. This can lead to a long-term decline in domestic production capabilities.

B. Policy Credibility Issues: Frequent policy reversals—exporting one season, importing the next—signal inconsistency. This discourages investment in the agriculture sector and creates uncertainty for stakeholders.

C. Increased Poverty and Inequality: Ultimately, the disproportionate impact of price hikes on the poor and middle class contributes to widening inequality. Those with lower incomes bear the brunt, while affluent groups continue unaffected.

Artificial Price Hikes & Economic Strain

While managing trade in essential commodities like sugar is a delicate task, poorly planned export-import decisions can backfire, leading to artificial price hikes, economic strain, and social unrest. To protect citizens, especially the most vulnerable, governments must prioritise stable domestic supply, transparent pricing policies, and long-term food security over short-term trade gains. Strategic planning, timely forecasting, and stakeholder consultation are essential to ensure that trade policies serve the broader public interest, not just the profits of a few.

Short Question Answering Below:

What are the effects of an increase in imports over exports?

Trade balance. Meanwhile, a country that imports more than it exports represents a trade deficit. With a trade deficit, more money flows out of the country to foreign markets rather than into it. As a result, the government may need to borrow money to pay for additional imports and cover its deficit.

What happens when there is an increase in exports?

Sustained high demand for exports can have a significant positive impact on a country's economy. It typically results in increased production levels, higher employment rates, and potentially improved wages within export-driven industries.

What happens when there is an increase in imports and a decrease in exports?

A trade deficit occurs when a country imports more than it exports. In other words, when a country buys more than it sells, it has a trade deficit.

What happens if imports become more expensive?

Exchange rates and the balance of payments. The direct effect of an exchange rate depreciation is to increase the price of imports relative to exports, which will tend to decrease the value of net exports (exports less imports) and widen the current account deficit.

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